|
drug_name
|
event_name
|
drug_id
|
event_id
|
drug_and_event_name
|
|
butalbital
|
Dysphagia
|
1139699
|
31317
|
butalbital & Dysphagia
|
## Chronograph ##

## Basic demographic table##
|
|
1: DEC cohort
|
n
|
Percentage
|
|
2: Drug cohort
|
n
|
Percentage
|
|
3: Event cohort
|
n
|
Percentage
|
|
4: All drugs cohort
|
n
|
Percentage
|
|
|
Total
|
89
|
100
|
|
Total
|
1000
|
100
|
|
Total
|
811
|
100
|
|
Total
|
1000
|
100
|
|
Sex
|
gender = FEMALE
|
48
|
54
|
Sex
|
gender = FEMALE
|
590
|
59
|
Sex
|
gender = FEMALE
|
450
|
55
|
Sex
|
gender = FEMALE
|
546
|
55
|
|
|
gender = MALE
|
41
|
46
|
|
gender = MALE
|
410
|
41
|
|
gender = MALE
|
361
|
45
|
|
gender = MALE
|
454
|
45
|
|
Age
|
(0,20]
|
0
|
0
|
Age
|
(0,20]
|
0
|
0
|
Age
|
(0,20]
|
0
|
0
|
Age
|
(0,20]
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
(20,30]
|
2
|
2
|
|
(20,30]
|
2
|
0
|
|
(20,30]
|
7
|
1
|
|
(20,30]
|
8
|
1
|
|
|
(30,40]
|
3
|
3
|
|
(30,40]
|
13
|
1
|
|
(30,40]
|
19
|
2
|
|
(30,40]
|
13
|
1
|
|
|
(40,50]
|
4
|
4
|
|
(40,50]
|
53
|
5
|
|
(40,50]
|
37
|
5
|
|
(40,50]
|
43
|
4
|
|
|
(50,60]
|
8
|
9
|
|
(50,60]
|
77
|
8
|
|
(50,60]
|
54
|
7
|
|
(50,60]
|
58
|
6
|
|
|
(60,70]
|
22
|
25
|
|
(60,70]
|
229
|
23
|
|
(60,70]
|
164
|
20
|
|
(60,70]
|
223
|
22
|
|
|
(70,80]
|
24
|
27
|
|
(70,80]
|
337
|
34
|
|
(70,80]
|
286
|
35
|
|
(70,80]
|
390
|
39
|
|
|
(80,90]
|
17
|
19
|
|
(80,90]
|
230
|
23
|
|
(80,90]
|
186
|
23
|
|
(80,90]
|
220
|
22
|
|
|
(90,110]
|
9
|
10
|
|
(90,110]
|
59
|
6
|
|
(90,110]
|
58
|
7
|
|
(90,110]
|
45
|
4
|
|
|
Median
|
71
|
IQR=(66, 82)
|
|
Median
|
73
|
IQR=(67, 82)
|
|
Median
|
74
|
IQR=(68, 82)
|
|
Median
|
74
|
IQR=(68, 81)
|
## Gender distribution ##
## DEC vs. drug ##
|
Characteristic
|
% (n = 89)
|
% (n = 1,000)
|
Std.Diff
|
Characteristic
|
% (n = 89)
|
% (n = 1,000)
|
Std.Diff
|
|
Age group
|
|
|
|
Viral hepatitis C
|
3.4
|
2.6
|
-0.05
|
|
25 - 29
|
2.2
|
0.2
|
-0.19
|
Visual system disorder
|
49.4
|
33.6
|
-0.33
|
|
30 - 34
|
2.2
|
0.4
|
-0.16
|
Medical history: Cardiovascular disease
|
|
|
|
|
35 - 39
|
1.1
|
0.5
|
-0.07
|
Atrial fibrillation
|
34.8
|
26.2
|
-0.19
|
|
40 - 44
|
0
|
1.5
|
0.17
|
Cerebrovascular disease
|
18.0
|
8.3
|
-0.29
|
|
45 - 49
|
4.5
|
3.6
|
-0.05
|
Coronary arteriosclerosis
|
52.8
|
30.5
|
-0.46
|
|
50 - 54
|
4.5
|
3.3
|
-0.06
|
Heart disease
|
83.1
|
57.9
|
-0.58
|
|
55 - 59
|
4.5
|
4.2
|
-0.01
|
Heart failure
|
44.9
|
25.9
|
-0.41
|
|
60 - 64
|
3.4
|
3.5
|
0.01
|
Ischemic heart disease
|
22.5
|
15.0
|
-0.19
|
|
65 - 69
|
16.9
|
16.9
|
0.00
|
Peripheral vascular disease
|
44.9
|
28.9
|
-0.34
|
|
70 - 74
|
22.5
|
19.7
|
-0.07
|
Pulmonary embolism
|
5.6
|
3.4
|
-0.11
|
|
75 - 79
|
7.9
|
14.7
|
0.22
|
Venous thrombosis
|
11.2
|
7.6
|
-0.12
|
|
80 - 84
|
14.6
|
12.9
|
-0.05
|
Medical history: Neoplasms
|
|
|
|
|
85 - 89
|
5.6
|
10.2
|
0.17
|
Hematologic neoplasm
|
23.6
|
7.9
|
-0.44
|
|
90 - 94
|
5.6
|
4.9
|
-0.03
|
Malignant lymphoma
|
4.5
|
2.1
|
-0.13
|
|
95 - 99
|
4.5
|
2.6
|
-0.10
|
Malignant neoplasm of anorectum
|
2.2
|
1.7
|
-0.04
|
|
100 - 104
|
0
|
0.9
|
0.13
|
Malignant neoplastic disease
|
43.8
|
25.6
|
-0.39
|
|
Gender: female
|
53.9
|
59.0
|
0.10
|
Malignant tumor of breast
|
3.4
|
3.6
|
0.01
|
|
Medical history: General
|
|
|
|
Malignant tumor of colon
|
3.4
|
3.5
|
0.01
|
|
Acute respiratory disease
|
36.0
|
24.8
|
-0.24
|
Malignant tumor of lung
|
7.9
|
3.3
|
-0.20
|
|
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
|
1.1
|
0.5
|
-0.07
|
Malignant tumor of urinary bladder
|
4.5
|
2.4
|
-0.11
|
|
Chronic liver disease
|
6.7
|
3.6
|
-0.14
|
Medication use
|
|
|
|
|
Chronic obstructive lung disease
|
19.1
|
10.2
|
-0.25
|
Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system
|
69.7
|
71.0
|
0.03
|
|
Crohn’s disease
|
1.1
|
1.1
|
0.00
|
Antibacterials for systemic use
|
62.9
|
53.6
|
-0.19
|
|
Dementia
|
25.8
|
12.0
|
-0.36
|
Antidepressants
|
66.3
|
62.6
|
-0.08
|
|
Depressive disorder
|
18.0
|
11.3
|
-0.19
|
Antiepileptics
|
47.2
|
41.7
|
-0.11
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
71.9
|
51.5
|
-0.43
|
Antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products
|
25.8
|
38.3
|
0.27
|
|
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
|
22.5
|
14.6
|
-0.20
|
Antineoplastic agents
|
13.5
|
13.2
|
-0.01
|
|
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
|
9.0
|
7.5
|
-0.05
|
Antipsoriatics
|
0
|
0.5
|
0.10
|
|
Human immunodeficiency virus infection
|
0
|
0.9
|
0.13
|
Antithrombotic agents
|
68.5
|
65.2
|
-0.07
|
|
Hyperlipidemia
|
28.1
|
24.0
|
-0.09
|
Beta blocking agents
|
67.4
|
64.8
|
-0.06
|
|
Hypertensive disorder
|
6.7
|
4.5
|
-0.10
|
Calcium channel blockers
|
51.7
|
54.2
|
0.05
|
|
Lesion of liver
|
6.7
|
3.6
|
-0.14
|
Diuretics
|
69.7
|
69.5
|
0.00
|
|
Obesity
|
5.6
|
6.2
|
0.02
|
Drugs for acid related disorders
|
52.8
|
52.8
|
0.00
|
|
Osteoarthritis
|
65.2
|
39.6
|
-0.53
|
Drugs for obstructive airway diseases
|
41.6
|
41.8
|
0.00
|
|
Pneumonia
|
9.0
|
6.0
|
-0.11
|
Drugs used in diabetes
|
62.9
|
57.7
|
-0.11
|
|
Psoriasis
|
1.1
|
1.6
|
0.04
|
Immunosuppressants
|
3.4
|
5.3
|
0.09
|
|
Renal impairment
|
36.0
|
24.8
|
-0.24
|
Lipid modifying agents
|
66.3
|
72.7
|
0.14
|
|
Rheumatoid arthritis
|
6.7
|
7.2
|
0.02
|
Opioids
|
44.9
|
40.8
|
-0.08
|
|
Schizophrenia
|
16.9
|
10.0
|
-0.20
|
Psycholeptics
|
60.7
|
56.4
|
-0.09
|
|
Ulcerative colitis
|
0
|
0.2
|
0.06
|
Psychostimulants, agents used for adhd and nootropics
|
94.4
|
93.1
|
-0.05
|
|
Urinary tract infectious disease
|
32.6
|
21.7
|
-0.25
|
|
|
|
|
## Event vs. All ##
|
Characteristic
|
% (n = 811)
|
% (n = 1,000)
|
Std.Diff
|
Characteristic
|
% (n = 811)
|
% (n = 1,000)
|
Std.Diff
|
|
Age group
|
|
|
|
Viral hepatitis C
|
1.6
|
1.3
|
-0.03
|
|
25 - 29
|
0.6
|
0.6
|
0.00
|
Visual system disorder
|
51.7
|
40.2
|
-0.23
|
|
30 - 34
|
1.2
|
1.0
|
-0.02
|
Medical history: Cardiovascular disease
|
|
|
|
|
35 - 39
|
1.1
|
0.3
|
-0.10
|
Atrial fibrillation
|
43.0
|
27.6
|
-0.33
|
|
40 - 44
|
1.8
|
0.8
|
-0.09
|
Cerebrovascular disease
|
14.8
|
9.9
|
-0.15
|
|
45 - 49
|
2.2
|
2.9
|
0.04
|
Coronary arteriosclerosis
|
45.9
|
29.7
|
-0.34
|
|
50 - 54
|
2.2
|
2.9
|
0.04
|
Heart disease
|
80.9
|
57.9
|
-0.52
|
|
55 - 59
|
4.3
|
3.1
|
-0.06
|
Heart failure
|
37.9
|
22.5
|
-0.34
|
|
60 - 64
|
4.3
|
2.9
|
-0.08
|
Ischemic heart disease
|
24.3
|
14.4
|
-0.25
|
|
65 - 69
|
13.2
|
15.4
|
0.06
|
Peripheral vascular disease
|
44.9
|
28.4
|
-0.35
|
|
70 - 74
|
19.2
|
22.6
|
0.08
|
Pulmonary embolism
|
4.6
|
2.3
|
-0.12
|
|
75 - 79
|
16.4
|
18.2
|
0.05
|
Venous thrombosis
|
11.5
|
7.8
|
-0.12
|
|
80 - 84
|
13.8
|
13.4
|
-0.01
|
Medical history: Neoplasms
|
|
|
|
|
85 - 89
|
10.4
|
9.9
|
-0.02
|
Hematologic neoplasm
|
14.2
|
8.9
|
-0.17
|
|
90 - 94
|
4.9
|
3.6
|
-0.07
|
Malignant lymphoma
|
5.9
|
4.2
|
-0.08
|
|
95 - 99
|
3.3
|
2.1
|
-0.08
|
Malignant neoplasm of anorectum
|
2.2
|
2.4
|
0.01
|
|
100 - 104
|
0.9
|
0.3
|
-0.07
|
Malignant neoplastic disease
|
41.4
|
29.5
|
-0.25
|
|
Gender: female
|
55.5
|
54.6
|
-0.02
|
Malignant tumor of breast
|
4.2
|
2.5
|
-0.09
|
|
Medical history: General
|
|
|
|
Malignant tumor of colon
|
5.4
|
3.5
|
-0.09
|
|
Acute respiratory disease
|
32.9
|
21.9
|
-0.25
|
Malignant tumor of lung
|
5.7
|
4.3
|
-0.06
|
|
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
|
0.4
|
0.1
|
-0.06
|
Malignant tumor of urinary bladder
|
4.2
|
2.7
|
-0.08
|
|
Chronic liver disease
|
4.3
|
2.0
|
-0.13
|
Medication use
|
|
|
|
|
Chronic obstructive lung disease
|
14.2
|
9.1
|
-0.16
|
Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system
|
43.4
|
0
|
-1.24
|
|
Crohn’s disease
|
0.9
|
0.9
|
0.00
|
Antibacterials for systemic use
|
35.6
|
0
|
-1.05
|
|
Dementia
|
16.9
|
10.4
|
-0.19
|
Antidepressants
|
38.5
|
0
|
-1.12
|
|
Depressive disorder
|
12.2
|
7.3
|
-0.17
|
Antiepileptics
|
23.4
|
0
|
-0.78
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
68.9
|
50.3
|
-0.39
|
Antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products
|
24.0
|
0
|
-0.80
|
|
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
|
23.4
|
15.2
|
-0.21
|
Antineoplastic agents
|
12.2
|
0
|
-0.53
|
|
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
|
10.4
|
5.5
|
-0.18
|
Antipsoriatics
|
0.2
|
0
|
-0.07
|
|
Human immunodeficiency virus infection
|
0.9
|
0.4
|
-0.06
|
Antithrombotic agents
|
35.9
|
0
|
-1.06
|
|
Hyperlipidemia
|
36.4
|
24.4
|
-0.26
|
Beta blocking agents
|
39.3
|
0
|
-1.14
|
|
Hypertensive disorder
|
5.5
|
3.9
|
-0.08
|
Calcium channel blockers
|
31.1
|
0
|
-0.95
|
|
Lesion of liver
|
4.2
|
3.8
|
-0.02
|
Diuretics
|
40.8
|
0
|
-1.17
|
|
Obesity
|
8.6
|
5.3
|
-0.13
|
Drugs for acid related disorders
|
30.0
|
0
|
-0.93
|
|
Osteoarthritis
|
53.3
|
39.5
|
-0.28
|
Drugs for obstructive airway diseases
|
25.2
|
0
|
-0.82
|
|
Pneumonia
|
7.9
|
4.6
|
-0.14
|
Drugs used in diabetes
|
34.2
|
0
|
-1.02
|
|
Psoriasis
|
1.8
|
1.3
|
-0.04
|
Immunosuppressants
|
3.7
|
0
|
-0.28
|
|
Renal impairment
|
33.7
|
22.4
|
-0.25
|
Lipid modifying agents
|
45.6
|
0
|
-1.30
|
|
Rheumatoid arthritis
|
8.0
|
7.4
|
-0.02
|
Opioids
|
29.6
|
0
|
-0.92
|
|
Schizophrenia
|
7.2
|
3.8
|
-0.15
|
Psycholeptics
|
36.7
|
0
|
-1.08
|
|
Ulcerative colitis
|
0.5
|
0.2
|
-0.05
|
Psychostimulants, agents used for adhd and nootropics
|
8.6
|
0
|
-0.43
|
|
Urinary tract infectious disease
|
32.3
|
18.7
|
-0.32
|
|
|
|
|
## Drug vs. All ##
|
Characteristic
|
% (n = 811)
|
% (n = 1,000)
|
Std.Diff
|
Characteristic
|
% (n = 811)
|
% (n = 1,000)
|
Std.Diff
|
|
Age group
|
|
|
|
Viral hepatitis C
|
1.6
|
1.3
|
-0.03
|
|
25 - 29
|
0.6
|
0.6
|
0.00
|
Visual system disorder
|
51.7
|
40.2
|
-0.23
|
|
30 - 34
|
1.2
|
1.0
|
-0.02
|
Medical history: Cardiovascular disease
|
|
|
|
|
35 - 39
|
1.1
|
0.3
|
-0.10
|
Atrial fibrillation
|
43.0
|
27.6
|
-0.33
|
|
40 - 44
|
1.8
|
0.8
|
-0.09
|
Cerebrovascular disease
|
14.8
|
9.9
|
-0.15
|
|
45 - 49
|
2.2
|
2.9
|
0.04
|
Coronary arteriosclerosis
|
45.9
|
29.7
|
-0.34
|
|
50 - 54
|
2.2
|
2.9
|
0.04
|
Heart disease
|
80.9
|
57.9
|
-0.52
|
|
55 - 59
|
4.3
|
3.1
|
-0.06
|
Heart failure
|
37.9
|
22.5
|
-0.34
|
|
60 - 64
|
4.3
|
2.9
|
-0.08
|
Ischemic heart disease
|
24.3
|
14.4
|
-0.25
|
|
65 - 69
|
13.2
|
15.4
|
0.06
|
Peripheral vascular disease
|
44.9
|
28.4
|
-0.35
|
|
70 - 74
|
19.2
|
22.6
|
0.08
|
Pulmonary embolism
|
4.6
|
2.3
|
-0.12
|
|
75 - 79
|
16.4
|
18.2
|
0.05
|
Venous thrombosis
|
11.5
|
7.8
|
-0.12
|
|
80 - 84
|
13.8
|
13.4
|
-0.01
|
Medical history: Neoplasms
|
|
|
|
|
85 - 89
|
10.4
|
9.9
|
-0.02
|
Hematologic neoplasm
|
14.2
|
8.9
|
-0.17
|
|
90 - 94
|
4.9
|
3.6
|
-0.07
|
Malignant lymphoma
|
5.9
|
4.2
|
-0.08
|
|
95 - 99
|
3.3
|
2.1
|
-0.08
|
Malignant neoplasm of anorectum
|
2.2
|
2.4
|
0.01
|
|
100 - 104
|
0.9
|
0.3
|
-0.07
|
Malignant neoplastic disease
|
41.4
|
29.5
|
-0.25
|
|
Gender: female
|
55.5
|
54.6
|
-0.02
|
Malignant tumor of breast
|
4.2
|
2.5
|
-0.09
|
|
Medical history: General
|
|
|
|
Malignant tumor of colon
|
5.4
|
3.5
|
-0.09
|
|
Acute respiratory disease
|
32.9
|
21.9
|
-0.25
|
Malignant tumor of lung
|
5.7
|
4.3
|
-0.06
|
|
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
|
0.4
|
0.1
|
-0.06
|
Malignant tumor of urinary bladder
|
4.2
|
2.7
|
-0.08
|
|
Chronic liver disease
|
4.3
|
2.0
|
-0.13
|
Medication use
|
|
|
|
|
Chronic obstructive lung disease
|
14.2
|
9.1
|
-0.16
|
Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system
|
43.4
|
0
|
-1.24
|
|
Crohn’s disease
|
0.9
|
0.9
|
0.00
|
Antibacterials for systemic use
|
35.6
|
0
|
-1.05
|
|
Dementia
|
16.9
|
10.4
|
-0.19
|
Antidepressants
|
38.5
|
0
|
-1.12
|
|
Depressive disorder
|
12.2
|
7.3
|
-0.17
|
Antiepileptics
|
23.4
|
0
|
-0.78
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
68.9
|
50.3
|
-0.39
|
Antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products
|
24.0
|
0
|
-0.80
|
|
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
|
23.4
|
15.2
|
-0.21
|
Antineoplastic agents
|
12.2
|
0
|
-0.53
|
|
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
|
10.4
|
5.5
|
-0.18
|
Antipsoriatics
|
0.2
|
0
|
-0.07
|
|
Human immunodeficiency virus infection
|
0.9
|
0.4
|
-0.06
|
Antithrombotic agents
|
35.9
|
0
|
-1.06
|
|
Hyperlipidemia
|
36.4
|
24.4
|
-0.26
|
Beta blocking agents
|
39.3
|
0
|
-1.14
|
|
Hypertensive disorder
|
5.5
|
3.9
|
-0.08
|
Calcium channel blockers
|
31.1
|
0
|
-0.95
|
|
Lesion of liver
|
4.2
|
3.8
|
-0.02
|
Diuretics
|
40.8
|
0
|
-1.17
|
|
Obesity
|
8.6
|
5.3
|
-0.13
|
Drugs for acid related disorders
|
30.0
|
0
|
-0.93
|
|
Osteoarthritis
|
53.3
|
39.5
|
-0.28
|
Drugs for obstructive airway diseases
|
25.2
|
0
|
-0.82
|
|
Pneumonia
|
7.9
|
4.6
|
-0.14
|
Drugs used in diabetes
|
34.2
|
0
|
-1.02
|
|
Psoriasis
|
1.8
|
1.3
|
-0.04
|
Immunosuppressants
|
3.7
|
0
|
-0.28
|
|
Renal impairment
|
33.7
|
22.4
|
-0.25
|
Lipid modifying agents
|
45.6
|
0
|
-1.30
|
|
Rheumatoid arthritis
|
8.0
|
7.4
|
-0.02
|
Opioids
|
29.6
|
0
|
-0.92
|
|
Schizophrenia
|
7.2
|
3.8
|
-0.15
|
Psycholeptics
|
36.7
|
0
|
-1.08
|
|
Ulcerative colitis
|
0.5
|
0.2
|
-0.05
|
Psychostimulants, agents used for adhd and nootropics
|
8.6
|
0
|
-0.43
|
|
Urinary tract infectious disease
|
32.3
|
18.7
|
-0.32
|
|
|
|
|
## Top drugs and conditions for DEC ##
|
drugs_180_days
|
n_180_days
|
|
antithrombotic agents
|
122
|
|
beta blocking agents
|
120
|
|
analgesics
|
89
|
|
nervous system
|
89
|
|
other analgesics and antipyretics
|
89
|
|
psychoanaleptics
|
87
|
|
cardiovascular system
|
86
|
|
antiepileptics
|
84
|
|
caffeine
|
84
|
|
psychostimulants, agents used for adhd and nootropics
|
84
|
|
xanthine derivatives
|
84
|
|
stomatological preparations
|
82
|
|
alimentary tract and metabolism
|
80
|
|
respiratory system
|
76
|
|
systemic hormonal preparations, excl. sex hormones and insulins
|
74
|
|
acetaminophen
|
73
|
|
anilides
|
73
|
|
blood and blood forming organs
|
69
|
|
antihistamines for systemic use
|
64
|
|
ophthalmologicals
|
64
|
|
sensory organs
|
64
|
|
agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system
|
62
|
|
diuretics
|
62
|
|
antidepressants
|
59
|
|
lipid modifying agents
|
59
|
|
cond_180_days
|
n_180_days
|
|
inflammation of specific body systems
|
79
|
|
inflammation of specific body organs
|
75
|
|
heart disease
|
74
|
|
pain
|
73
|
|
pain finding at anatomical site
|
73
|
|
arthropathy
|
71
|
|
soft tissue lesion
|
69
|
|
vascular disorder
|
69
|
|
diabetes mellitus
|
64
|
|
measurement finding outside reference range
|
62
|
|
type 2 diabetes mellitus
|
59
|
|
degenerative disorder of musculoskeletal system
|
58
|
|
osteoarthritis
|
58
|
|
pain of truncal structure
|
58
|
|
structural disorder of heart
|
58
|
|
neoplastic disease
|
57
|
|
skin or mucosa lesion
|
54
|
|
abnormal blood cell count
|
53
|
|
arteriosclerotic vascular disease
|
52
|
|
measurement finding below reference range
|
52
|
|
cardiac arrhythmia
|
51
|
|
kidney disease
|
50
|
|
lesion of skin and/or skin-associated mucous membrane
|
50
|
|
skin lesion
|
50
|
|
hemoglobin level outside reference range
|
49
|